Where to Use Commas Properly

To understand simply here is the introduction of what is comma in punctuation:
         Comma  ,   is used within a sentence.
         Comma   ,   tells when and where to give pause.
         Comma   ,   makes the meaning of the sentence clear.

Now we are going to discuss , minutely 
The great https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/punctuation/comma says,

 "A comma marks a slight break between different parts of a sentence. Used properly, commas make the meaning of sentences clear by grouping and separating words, phrases, and clauses. Many people are uncertain about the use of commas, though, and often sprinkle them throughout their writing without knowing the basic rules."

So the Comma represents the shortest pause. Commas have a specific work of providing clear written communication. This is when the breaks of commas appear we get the correct idea of the conveyed thought.  

Wren n Martin has provided a very helpful stuff in this regard. For you I am writing it in simple way.

First of all understand it simply:
Basically students we use commas in the following situations: (for higher classes)

1. .... to separate items in a series.
2. .....to offset appositives or you may say relevant/suitable/fit.
3. .... after a dependent clause.
4. .... before any coordinating conjunction.
5. .... after introductory adverbs.
6. .....separates saying or quotation from the rest of a sentence.
7. .....separates each element in an address.
8. .....separates the elements in weekdays, months and days, and year.
9. .....generally used right after "Yes" /  "No."
10. .....directly when you address someone.
11. .....between two adjectives that modify the same noun. (continued part 1)